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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0869-7922-2025-33-4-237-248</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">arflbt</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-1000</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу обоснования предельно допустимой концентрации бензойной кислоты и её производных в воде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the issue of substantiating the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of benzoic acid and its derivatives in water</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-0690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>Оксана Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>Oksana O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, г. Мытищи, 141014, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sinitsyna.oo@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Moscow Region, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sinitsyna.oo@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinitsyna.oo@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-9324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турбинский</surname><given-names>Виктор Владиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turbinskii</surname><given-names>Viktor V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, доцент, заведующий отделом гигиены воды ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, г. Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: turbinskii.vv@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Water Hygiene Department, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Moscow Region, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: turbinskii.vv@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turbinskii.vv@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-4009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тульская</surname><given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulskaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела гигиены воды ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, г. Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: tulskaya.ea@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Water Hygiene Department, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: tulskaya.ea@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tulskaya.ea@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9904-3793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляева</surname><given-names>Надежда Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaeva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела гигиены воды ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, г. Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: nadinai@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Water Hygiene Department, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Moscow Region, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nadinai@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadinai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-6724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пивнева</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pivneva</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник отдела гигиены воды ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, г. Мытищи, Россия</p><p>e-mail: pivneva.os@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Water Hygiene Department, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014 Moscow Region, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: pivneva.os@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pivneva.os@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» &#13;
Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing; Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>237</fpage><lpage>248</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синицына О.О., Турбинский В.В., Тульская Е.А., Беляева Н.И., Пивнева О.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицына О.О., Турбинский В.В., Тульская Е.А., Беляева Н.И., Пивнева О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitsyna O.O., Turbinskii V.V., Tulskaya E.A., Belyaeva N.I., Pivneva O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1000">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1000</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Апробация новых методических подходов к системе гигиенического нормирования химических веществ в воде на примере обоснования групповой ПДК бензойной кислоты и её производных (бензоата натрия, бензоата калия и бензилового спирта).</p><p>Цель исследования – обоснование групповой предельно допустимой концентрации (ПДК) бензойной кислоты и её производных (бензоата натрия, бензоата калия и бензилового спирта) в воде с учётом современных данных об их токсичности и новых методических подходов к существующей системе гигиенического нормирования химических веществ в воде.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Материалом для исследования служили российские и зарубежные нормативные и методические документы, отечественные и зарубежные научные публикации, содержащие информацию о физико-химических свойствах, способности к биотрансформации и биоаккумуляции, влиянии на лабораторных животных и человека бензойной кислоты и её производных. Поиск исследований проводили с использованием баз данных научной литературы MedLine/PubMed/PubChem, Scopus, eLIBRARY.ru, базы данных WATERTOX (РАМН. НТЦ: 02296014904). Методы исследований включали поиск и сортировку информации, установление общих и отличных признаков токсичности веществ, сравнительный анализ и экспертную оценку.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пороговая концентрация бензойной кислоты и её производных (бензоата натрия, бензоата калия, бензилового спирта) по влиянию на органолептические свойства воды (ПКорг.) – 6,0 мг/л (по бензойной кислоте). Пороговая концентрация по влиянию на процессы самоочищения водных объектов (ПКсан.) для обоснования единой (групповой) ПДК бензойной кислоты и её производных – 0,1 мг/л (по бензойной кислоте). Обоснована величина (расчётная) максимальной недействующей концентрации бензойной кислоты и её производных по санитарно-токсикологическому показателю вредности – 20 мг/л (по бензойной кислоте).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Ограниченные данные о параметрах токсикометрии бензойной кислоты и её производных (бензоата натрия, бензоата калия, бензилового спирта) в источниках литературы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ввести групповой норматив на бензойную кислоту и её производные (бензоат натрия, бензоат калия, бензиловый спирт): 1) для воды водных объектов хозяйственно-питьевого и культурно-бытового водопользования – 0,1 мг/л (по бензойной кислоте), 3-й класс опасности, лимитирующий показатель вредности – общесанитарный; 2) для воды питьевой систем централизованного, в том числе горячего, и нецентрализованного водоснабжения – 6 мг/л (по бензойной кислоте), 3-й класс опасности, лимитирующий показатель вредности – органолептический. Исходя из принципа «единство норматива и метода его контроля», для обеспечения групповой ПДК бензойной кислоты и её производных использовать методику определения бензойной кислоты в воде.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Синицына О.О. – концепция и дизайн исследования, обобщение данных, написание и редактирование текста; Турбинский В.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Тульская Е.А., Беляева Н.И. – сбор и обработка материала; Пивнева О.С. – проведение экспериментов. Все соавторы – ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила в редакцию</title><p>Поступила в редакцию: 13 февраля 2025 / Поступила после исправления: 13 мая 2025 / Принята в печать: 14 июля 2025 / Опубликована: 29 августа 2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Testing of new methodological approaches to the system of hygienic regulation of chemicals in water using the example of substantiating the group maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of benzoic acid and its derivatives (sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate and benzyl alcohol).</p><p>The purpose of the study is to substantiate the group MPC of benzoic acid and its derivatives (sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate and benzyl alcohol) in water, taking into account current data on their toxicity and new methodological approaches to the existing system of hygienic regulation of chemicals in water.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The research material was Russian and foreign regulatory and methodological documents, domestic and foreign scientific publications containing information on the physicochemical properties, biotransformation and bioaccumulation abilities, and the effects of benzoic acid and its derivatives on laboratory animals and humans. The research was searched using the databases of scientific literature MedLine/PubMed/PubChem, Scopus, eLIBRARY.ru, WATERTOX databases (RAMS. STC: 02296014904). Research methods included searching and sorting information, identifying common and distinct signs of substance toxicity, comparative analysis, and expert evaluation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The threshold concentration of benzoic acid and its derivatives (sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, benzyl alcohol) for the effect on the organoleptic properties of water (TCorg.) is 6.0 mg/l (for benzoic acid). The threshold concentration by influence on the processes of self-purification of water bodies (TCsan.) to justify the group MPC of benzoic acid and its derivatives is 0.1 mg/l (for benzoic acid). The value (calculated) of the maximum no-effect concentration of benzoic acid and its derivatives according to the sanitary-toxicological indicator of harmfulness is 20 mg/l (for benzoic acid).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. There is limited data in the literature on the parameters of toxicometry of benzoic acid and its derivatives (sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, benzyl alcohol).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. To introduce a group standard for benzoic acid and its derivatives (sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, benzyl alcohol): 1) for water bodies of domestic and drinking water, cultural and household water use 0.1 mg/l (for benzoic acid), hazard class 3, limiting harm index – general sanitary; 2) for centralized water supply systems, including hot water supply, and non-centralized water supply 6 mg/l (for benzoic acid), hazard class 3, limiting harm index – organoleptic. Based on the principle of “unity of the standard and the method of its control”, to ensure the group PAC of benzoic acid and its derivatives, use the method of determining benzoic acid in water.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of a conclusion from the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Authors’contribution</title><p>Authors’contribution: Sinitsyna O.O. – conception and design of the study, generalization of data, writing and text editing; Turbinskii V.V. – concept and design of the study, text editing; Tulskaya E.A., Belyaeva N.I. – collection and processing of material; Pivneva O.S. – conducting experiments. All authors – responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article, approval of the final version of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The research was not financially supported.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 13, 2025 / Revised: May 13, 2025 / Accepted: July 14, 2025 / Published: August 29, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бензойная кислота</kwd><kwd>производные бензойной кислоты</kwd><kwd>бензоат натрия</kwd><kwd>бензоат калия</kwd><kwd>бензиловый спирт</kwd><kwd>вид водопользования</kwd><kwd>предельно допустимая концентрация в воде</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benzoic acid</kwd><kwd>benzoic acid derivatives</kwd><kwd>sodium benzoate</kwd><kwd>potassium benzoate</kwd><kwd>benzyl alcohol</kwd><kwd>types of water supply</kwd><kwd>maximum allowable concentration in water</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черкинский С.Н. Гигиеническое нормирование в области санитарной охраны водоемов. 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