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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0869-7922-2026-34-1-61-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">awgydf</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-1067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ токсичности и опасности фталатных пластификаторов для здоровья человека и среды обитания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the toxicity and hazards of phthalate plasticizers for human health and the environment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-5337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамидулина</surname><given-names>Халидя Хизбулаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamidulina</surname><given-names>Khalidya Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник; руководитель Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия; профессор, заведующая кафедрой гигиены ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, 125993, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: khalidiya@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Researcher, Head of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation; Professor, Head of the Department of Hygiene, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, RF Ministry of Health, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: khalidiya@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khalidiya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-3123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник, зам. руководителя Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: tarasova.ev@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Senior Research Fellow, Deputy Head of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: tarasova.ev@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tarasova.ev@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-4540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>Андрей Константинович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarenko</surname><given-names>Andrey K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химик-эксперт, младший научный сотрудник Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Nazarenko.AK@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Expert Chemist, Junior Researcher of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Nazarenko.AK@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nazarenko.AK@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9756-3521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тверская</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tverskaya</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Специалист по международным отношениям Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: tverskaya.AS@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Foreign Affairs Specialist of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: tverskaya.AS@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tverskaya.AS@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7959-7246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замкова</surname><given-names>Ирина Валентиновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamkova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по санитарно-гигиеническим лабораторным исследованиям Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: zamkova.iv@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sanitary and Hygienic Laboratory Tests of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: zamkova.iv@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zamkova.iv@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>Ангелина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>Angelina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене, младший научный сотрудник Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия; ассистент кафедры гигиены ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, 125993, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: proskurina.as@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor, Junior Researcher of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, 121087, Moscow, Russian Federation; Assistant of the Department of Hygiene, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, RF Ministry of Health, 125993, Moscow, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: proskurina.as@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proskurina.as@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3965-7600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабикова</surname><given-names>Динара Нуруллаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabikova</surname><given-names>Dinara N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Начальник организационно-методического отдела, врач по общей гигиене, старший научный сотрудник Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия; ассистент кафедры гигиены ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, 125993, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: rabikova.dn@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Organizational and Methodological Department, General Hygiene Doctor, Senior Researcher of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation; Assistant at the Department of Hygiene of the Department of Hygiene, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, RF Ministry of Health, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: rabikova.dn@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rabikova.dn@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7694-0646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арасланов</surname><given-names>Ильгиз Наилевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Araslanov</surname><given-names>Ilgiz N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене, младший научный сотрудник Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Araslanov.IN@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor, Junior Researcher of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Araslanov.IN@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Araslanov.IN@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1928-5452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жеренова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zherenova</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Zherenova.AA@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Zherenova.AA@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Zherenova.AA@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2141-4456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Дарья Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>Daria I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Gorbunova.DI@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Gorbunova.DI@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gorbunova.DI@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4095-6022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гонюкова</surname><given-names>Евгения Станиславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonyukova</surname><given-names>Evgenia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Gonyukova.ES@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Gonyukova.ES@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gonyukova.ES@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3570-6681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонтьева</surname><given-names>Анна Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leontyeva</surname><given-names>Anna N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач по общей гигиене Научного информационно-аналитического центра РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 121087, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Leonteva.AN@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Hygiene Doctor of the Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances” of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, 121087, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Leonteva.AN@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Leonteva.AN@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научный информационно-аналитический центр «Российский регистр потенциально опасных химических и биологических веществ» ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances”  of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, RF Ministry of Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научный информационно-аналитический центр «Российский регистр потенциально опасных химических и биологических веществ» ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Information and Analytical Center “Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances”  of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, Rospotrebnadzor<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хамидулина Х.Х., Тарасова Е.В., Назаренко А.К., Тверская А.С., Замкова И.В., Проскурина А.С., Рабикова Д.Н., Арасланов И.Н., Жеренова А.А., Горбунова Д.И., Гонюкова Е.С., Леонтьева А.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хамидулина Х.Х., Тарасова Е.В., Назаренко А.К., Тверская А.С., Замкова И.В., Проскурина А.С., Рабикова Д.Н., Арасланов И.Н., Жеренова А.А., Горбунова Д.И., Гонюкова Е.С., Леонтьева А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khamidulina K.K., Tarasova E.V., Nazarenko A.K., Tverskaya A.S., Zamkova I.V., Proskurina A.S., Rabikova D.N., Araslanov I.N., Zherenova A.A., Gorbunova D.I., Gonyukova E.S., Leontyeva A.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1067">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1067</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В международной практике химической безопасности приоритетными направлениями являются выявление и запрет (ограничение) высокоопасных химических веществ (канцерогенов, мутагенов, репротоксикантов, эндокринных разрушителей, токсичных, стойких и биоаккумулятивных соединений, опасных для водной биоты) в составе продукции с целью предупреждения риска их воздействия на здоровье человека и среду обитания. К веществам, вызывающим серьёзную обеспокоенность, относятся фталатные пластификаторы, широко применяемые в различных отраслях промышленности и способные оказывать хроническое негативное действие при миграции из материалов и изделий.</p><p>Цель исследования – провести сравнительный анализ токсичности и опасности для здоровья человека и среды обитания шести фталатных пластификаторов, выявить приоритетные направления их последующего регулирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Объектами исследования были выбраны фталатные пластификаторы, наиболее часто используемые в производстве строительных и отделочных материалов: 1-O-бутил-2-O-(фенилметил)бензол-1,2-дикарбонат (ББФ), дибутилбензол-1,2-дикарбонат (ДБФ), диизобутилбензол-1,2-дикарбонат (ДИБФ), 1,4-дибутилбензол-1,4-дикарбонат (ДБТФ), ди(2-этилгексил)бензол-1,4-дикарбонат (ДОТФ), ди(2-этилгексил)бензол-1,2-дикарбонат (ДОФ). Оценка токсичности и опасности выполнена по данным официальных открытых национальных и международных источников информации (баз данных, научных статей, отчётов, монографий, справочников).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пластификаторы на основе терефталевой кислоты (ДБТФ и ДОТФ) по токсичности и опасности для здоровья человека и среды обитания более безопасны по сравнению с пластификаторами на основе ортофталевой кислоты (ББФ, ДИБФ, ДБФ, ДОФ). Последние оказывают существенное вредное действие на человека и окружающую среду: гепатотоксичны в экспериментах на животных при продолжительном воздействии; негативно воздействуют на репродуктивную функцию и развивающееся потомство (отнесены к 1В классу опасности в соответствии с критериями СГС ООН); нарушают морфологию и функции органов эндокринной системы (щитовидной железы, надпочечников, гипофиза, мужских репродуктивных органов и др.), липидный обмен; обладают острой и хронической токсичностью для представителей водной биоты (1-й класс опасности по показателям токсикометрии); относятся ко 2-му классу опасности (высокоопасные вещества) согласно ГОСТ 12.1.007–76 по величине ПДК в воздухе рабочей зоны.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование ограничено анализом открытых литературных источников, в том числе баз данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ResearchGate, Cyberleninka, РИНЦ, eLIBRARY.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Принятие решения о необходимости замены химического вещества альтернативными (аналогичными) основывается не только на данных о токсичности и опасности. Основополагающим является оценка реального риска воздействия, зависящего от способности вещества к миграции в пограничные среды (воздух, вода, модельные среды). Для использования ДБТФ в качестве альтернативы опасным пластификаторам необходимо изучение воздействия на печень, репродуктивную функцию и развивающееся потомство, эндокринную систему. Кроме того, требуется научно обосновать и утвердить в установленном порядке гигиенические нормативы ДБТФ в воздухе рабочей зоны, атмосферном воздухе городских и сельских поселений, воде, поскольку законодательство Российской Федерации разрешает деятельность хозяйствующих субъектов с химическими веществами только при наличии гигиенических нормативов. Целесообразно изучение миграции ДБТФ и ДОТФ из различных материалов с целью установления корреляционных зависимостей «содержание в продукции – уровень миграции в пограничную среду».</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует предоставления заключения комиссии по биоэтике.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Хамидулина Х.Х., Тарасова Е.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи; Назаренко А.К., Тверская А.С., Замкова И.В., Проскурина А.С., Рабикова Д.Н., Арасланов И.Н., Жеренова А.А., Горбунова Д.И., Гонюкова Е.С., Леонтьева А.Н. – сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование выполнено в рамках реализации научно-исследовательской работы «Разработка и научное обоснование химических альтернатив для замены высокоопасных компонентов в составе различных видов продукции» по государственной программе Российской Федерации «Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации в 2026–2028 годах».</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила в редакцию</title><p>Поступила в редакцию: 26 декабря 2025 / Принята в печать: 02 февраля 2026 / Опубликована: 18 марта 2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the international practice of chemical safety, the priority areas are the identification and prohibition (restriction) of highly hazardous chemicals (carcinogens, mutagens, reprotoxicants, endocrine disruptors, toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative compounds, substances toxic to the aquatic biota) in products in order to prevent their impact on human health and the environment. Phthalate plasticizers are among the substances of serious concern. They are widely used in various industries and can cause chronic negative effects when they migrate from materials and products.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the toxicity and hazard of six phthalate plasticizers for human health and the environment, and identify priority areas for their subsequent regulation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The phthalate plasticizers most commonly used in the production of construction and finishing materials were selected as the objects of this study: 1-O-butyl-2-O-(phenylmethyl)benzene-1,2-dicarbonate (BBP), dibutylbenzene-1,2-dicarbonate (DBP), diisobutylbenzene-1,2-dicarbonate (DIBP), 1,4-dibutylbenzene-1,4-dicarbonate (DBTP), di(2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,4-dicarbonate (DOTP), and di(2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2-dicarbonate (DEHP). The assessment of toxicity and hazard was based on data from official open national and international sources of information (databases, scientific articles, reports, monographs, and reference books).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Terephthalic acid-based plasticizers (DBTP and DOTP) are the safest in terms of toxicity and health hazards compared to ortho-phthalic acid-based plasticizers (BBP, DIBP, DBP, and DEHP). The last ones have a significant hazardous effect on humans and the environment, including: hepatotoxic effects in animal experiments with prolonged exposure; negative effects on reproductive function and developing offspring, and are classified as hazard class 1B according to the GHS criteria; disruption of the morphology and functions of endocrine system organs (thyroid, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, male reproductive organs, etc.), and lipid metabolism; acute and chronic toxicity for aquatic biota (Class 1 according to toxicometry indicators); hazard class 2 (highly hazardous substances) according to GOST 12.1.007–76 based on the maximum permissible concentration in the air of the working area.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study is limited to the analysis of open literature sources, including databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ResearchGate, Cyberleninka, RSCI, and eLIBRARY.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The decision to replace a chemical substance with alternatives (analogues) is based not only on data on toxicity and hazard, but also on an assessment of the actual risk of exposure, which depends on the substance’s ability to migrate into boundary environments (air, water, and model environments).</p><p>To use DBTP as an alternative to hazardous plasticizers, it is necessary to study effects on the liver, reproductive function, and developing offspring, as well as on the endocrine system. Additionally, it is required to scientifically substantiate and approve the hygienic standards for DBTP in the air of the work area, in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements, and in water, since the legislation of the Russian Federation permits the activities of economic entities with chemicals only if there are hygienic standards.</p><p>It is advisable to study the migration of DBTP and DOTP from various materials in order to establish correlation between the content in products and the level of migration into the boundary environment.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require a report from the Bioethics Commission.</p></sec><sec><title>Authors’ contribution</title><p>Authors’ contribution: Khamidulina Kh.Kh., Tarasova E.V. – concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article; Nazarenko A.K., Tverskaya A.S., Zamkova I.V., Proskurina A.S., Rabikova D.N., Araslanov I.N., Zherenova A.A., Gorbunova D.I., Gonyukova E.S., Leontyeva A.N. – collecting and processing material, writing text, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare that there are no obvious and potential conflicts of interest in connection with the publication of this article.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study was conducted as part of the implementation of the research project “Development and Scientific Justification of Chemical Alternatives for Replacing Highly Hazardous Components in Various Types of Products” under the state program of the Russian Federation “Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation in 2026–2028”.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: December 26, 2025 / Accepted: February 2, 2026 / Published: March 18, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фталаты</kwd><kwd>пластификаторы</kwd><kwd>химическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>СГС</kwd><kwd>регулирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phthalates</kwd><kwd>plasticizers</kwd><kwd>chemical safety</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>GHS</kwd><kwd>regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Проскурина А.С., Хамидулина Х.Х., Тарасова Е.В. 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