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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0869-7922-2026-34-2-108-114</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">wfygzm</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-1101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ дозозависимых изменений гемодинамических показателей крыс разного возраста при субхронической интоксикации ацетатом свинца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of dose-dependent changes in hemodynamic parameters in rats of different ages following subchronic lead acetate exposure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>Марина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, директор ЕМНЦ ПЗОРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия; зав. кафедрой гигиены и медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО УГМУ Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, 620028, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation; Head of the Department of Occupational Hygiene and Medicine, Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, 620028, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sutunkova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-8593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>Ильзира Амировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, зав. отделом токсикологии и биопрофилактики ЕМНЦ ПЗОРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilzira@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3239-5998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гертан</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gertan</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики ЕМНЦ ПЗОРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: gertan00@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher at the Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: gertanna@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gertan00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0780-5733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никогосян</surname><given-names>Карен Мерсопович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikogosyan</surname><given-names>Karen M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики ЕМНЦ ПЗОРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor; Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А., Гертан Н.А., Никогосян К.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А., Гертан Н.А., Никогосян К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sutunkova M.P., Minigalieva I.A., Gertan N.A., Nikogosyan K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1101">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1101</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Свинец считается убиквитарным ядом, загрязняющим не только промышленные, но и селитебные зоны. Поступление свинца и его соединений негативно влияет и на развивающийся, и на зрелый организм, что может привести к изменениям со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Эксперимент проведён на белых аутбредных крысах-самцах двух возрастов: 3 недели (24 крысы, масса тела 41,96 ± 1,59 г) и 12 месяцев (27 крыс, масса тела 439,26 ± 5,77 г). Животным вводили внутрибрюшинно раствор 3-водного ацетата свинца (Pb(CH₃COO)₂ ∙ 3H₂O) (далее – ацетат свинца) три раза в неделю в течение 6 недель в дозах 5,50; 11,00 и 22,88 мг/кг массы тела (м.т.). Контрольным животным вводили стерильный физиологический раствор. Измеряли следующие гемодинамические показатели: систолическое, диастолическое и среднее артериальное давление (САД, ДАД и среднее АД), частота сердечных сокращений (ЧСС) при измерении давления, скорость кровотока в хвосте, объём крови в хвосте.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наблюдалось статистически значимое снижение САД у взрослых крыс, получающих 11,00 мг/кг м.т. ацетата свинца. Пульсовое давление также снижалось существенно (в группе взрослых крыс при средней и высокой дозах, а в группе молодых – только при высокой). ЧСС значительно снижалось только в группе взрослых крыс, а скорость кровотока – только у молодых крыс при дозах 11,0 и 22,88 мг/кг м.т. Объём крови в хвосте снижался и у молодых (11,0 и 22,88 мг/кг м.т.), и у взрослых крыс (5,50; 11,00 и 22,88 мг/кг м.т.) по сравнению с контролем.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Использовались животные одного пола.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ацетат свинца отрицательно влиял как на молодых, так и на взрослых крыс. Дозозависимый эффект наблюдался только по показателю объёма крови в хвосте. Предположительно, механизм токсического действия свинца на гемодинамику может быть связан с окислительным стрессом, воспалением и апоптозом, воздействием на ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновую ось и систему «аргинин – вазопрессин», а также с прямым повреждением сердца, сосудов и почек.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование было одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 3 от 17 января 2024 г.) и проведено в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о защите позвоночных животных, используемых для экспериментов или в иных научных целях (ETS N 123), директивой Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского союза 2010/63/EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Сутункова М.П. – концепция и дизайн исследования, научное редактирование;Минигалиева И.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, научное редактирование; Гертан Н.А. – сбор и обработка материала, статистический анализ, написание текста; Никогосян К.М. – сбор и обработка материала, редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила в редакцию</title><p>Поступила в редакцию: 20 мая 2025 / Поступила после исправления: 06 ноября 2025 / Принята в печать: 27 марта 2026 / Опубликована: 30 апреля 2026 </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Lead is considered to be a ubiquitous poison that pollutes both industrial and residential areas. Exposure to lead and its compounds has a negative impact on developing and mature organisms, potentially leading to cardiovascular changes.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on outbred male albino rats aged 3 to 4 weeks (24 rats, mean body weight: 41.96 ± 1.59 g) and 12 months (27 rats, mean body weight: 439.26 ± 5.77 g). Lead acetate trihydrate (Pb(CH3COO)2 ∙ 3H2O) was administered intraperitoneally thrice a week for 6 weeks at the doses of 5.50, 11.00, and 22.88 mg/kg b.w. Sterile saline solution was administered to control animals. The hemodynamic parameters measured included systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure (SAP, DAP, and MAP), heart rate (HR) during pressure measurement, tail artery blood flow, and tail vein blood volume.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We observed a statistical decrease in SAP in the adult rats administered 11.00 mg/kg b.w. of lead acetate. Pulse pressure also decreased significantly following moderate and high exposures in the adult rats and high exposure in the young rodents. HR decreased significantly only in the adult group. The tail artery blood flow dropped only in the young rats following the exposure doses of 11.0 and 22.88 mg/kg b.w. The tail vein blood volume decreased in both young (11.0 and 22.88 mg/kg b.w.) and adult (5.50; 11.00 and 22.88 mg/kg b.w.) animals compared to the controls.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. All animals were of the same sex.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Lead acetate had a negative impact on both young and adult rats. A dose-dependent effect was observed for tail artery blood volume only. Presumably, the mechanism of toxic effects of lead on hemodynamics may be associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and arginine vasopressin, as well as direct damage to the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys. </p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor (protocol No. 3 of January 17, 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS N 123) and with the Directive 2010/63/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes. </p></sec><sec><title>Authors’ contribution</title><p>Authors’ contribution: Sutunkova M.P. – study concept and design, scientific editing; Minigalieva I.A. – study concept and design, scientific editing; Gertan N.A. – data collection and processing, statistical analysis, text writing; Nikogosyan K.M. – data collection and processing, editing. All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article and are responsible for the integrity of all its parts.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no apparent and potential conflicts of interest in relation to the publication of this article. </p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: May 25, 2025 / Revised: November 6, 2025 / Accepted: March 27, 2026 / Published: April 30, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свинец</kwd><kwd>гемодинамика</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd><kwd>крысы раннего возраста</kwd><kwd>взрослые крысы</kwd><kwd>in vivo</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lead</kwd><kwd>hemodynamics</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>age</kwd><kwd>young rats</kwd><kwd>adult rats</kwd><kwd>in vivo</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соркина Н.С., Кузьмина Л.П., Артемова Л.В., Безрукавникова Л.М. Некоторые вопросы воздействия свинца на заболеваемость органов кровообращения и дыхания. 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