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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0869-7922-2026-34-3-161-168</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">lqfiko</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-1108</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цитотоксическое действие доксорубицина на клетки сперматогенного эпителия in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin on spermatogenic epithelial cells in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7814-8100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубенцева</surname><given-names>Юлия Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubentseva</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник, ФГУП «НИИ гигиены, профпатологии и экологии человека» ФМБА России, 188663, Ленинградская область, Всеволожский район, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Россия</p><p>e-mail: yul9olub@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology" of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Kuzmolovsky urban settlement, 188663, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: yul9olub@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yul9olub@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8239-0345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радилов</surname><given-names>Андрей Станиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Vadim B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ФГУП «НИИ гигиены, профпатологии и экологии человека» ФМБА России, 188663, Ленинградская область, Всеволожский район, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Россия</p><p>e-mail: a.radilov@icloud.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, DSc (Biology), Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology" of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Kuzmolovsky urban settlement, 188663, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail vpopovlr@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.radilov@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0776-7434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Вадим Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radilov</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ФГУП «НИИ гигиены, профпатологии и экологии человека» ФМБА России, 188663, Ленинградская область, Всеволожский район, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Россия</p><p>e-mail: vpopovlr@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, DSc (Medicine), Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology" of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Kuzmolovsky urban settlement, 188663, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: a.radilov@icloud.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vpopovlr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУП «Научно-исследовательский институт гигиены, профпатологии и экологии человека» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology of the FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>168</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голубенцева Ю.В., Радилов А.С., Попов В.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голубенцева Ю.В., Радилов А.С., Попов В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golubentseva Y.V., Popov V.B., Radilov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1108">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/1108</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Известно, что противоопухолевый препарат доксорубицин (Докс) является репротоксикантом, оказывающим негативное влияние на репродуктивную функцию у млекопитающих. В мужском организме доксорубицин приводит к существенным нарушениям клеток семенников, индуцируя повреждения ДНК, образование двунитевых разрывов, поперечных сшивок, свободных радикалов. </p><p>Цель настоящей работы – изучение влияния доксорубицина на развитие клеток сперматогенного эпителия in vitro. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование проводили на первичной культуре сперматогенного эпителия мыши. Цитотоксическое действие доксорубицина изучали в концентрациях 0,25; 0,05 и 0,005 мкг/мл. Степень цитотоксичности и жизнеспособности клеток оценивали по их морфологическому состоянию, повреждению ДНК, изменению числа живых клеток в культуре в течение 40 суток. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 24 часа после воздействия Докс отмечали дозозависимое статистически значимое снижение жизнеспособности клеток во всех исследуемых образцах, при этом максимальный эффект – уменьшение численности живых клеток до 50% – отмечен при действии препарата в концентрации 0,25 мкг/мл, уменьшение до 13% – при 0,05 мкг/мл. Снижение жизнеспособности клеток сохранялось на последующих этапах культивирования, что определяло характер монослоя, а также изменения морфологии клеток Сертоли. </p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Полученные результаты относятся к объекту исследования, который представляет собой гетерогенную клеточную культуру.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В ходе экспериментальной работы все исследуемые концентрации доксорубицина оказывали цитотоксическое действие на соматические и сперматогенные клетки. Наиболее губительными для клеток сперматогенного эпителия in vitro были концентрации доксорубицина 0,25 и 0,05, которые приводили к гибели в первые сутки и вызывали повреждения ДНК уже после четырёх часов воздействия. Выявлены характерные особенности патоморфологических изменений в клетках Сертоли. Воздействие Докс даже в малых концентрациях приводит к нарушению формирования фидерного слоя.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено комиссией по биоэтике ФГУП «НИИ ГПЭЧ» ФМБА России (протокол № 2 от 28.03.2023 г.).Выведение животных из эксперимента осуществляли согласно ГОСТ 33215–2014 и в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о защите позвоночных животных, используемых для экспериментов или в иных научных целях (ETS N 123), директивой Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского союза 2010/63/EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей. </p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Голубенцева Ю.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, статистический анализ, написание текста; Попов В.Б. – написание текста, редактирование; Радилов А.С. – написание текста, редактирование.Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила в редакцию</title><p>Поступила в редакцию: 28 апреля 2026 / Поступила после исправления: 12 мая 2026 / Принята в печать: 01 июня 2026 / Опубликована: 30 июня 2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. It is known that the antitumor drug doxorubicin (Dox) is a reprotoxicant that has a negative effect on reproductive function in mammals. In the male body, doxorubicin leads to significant damage to testicular cells, inducing DNA damage, the formation of double-stranded breaks, crosslinking, and free radicals.</p><p>The purpose of this work was to examine the effect of doxorubicin on the development of spermatogenic epithelial cells in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was performed on the primary culture of mouse spermatogenic epithelium. The cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin was studied at concentrations of 0.25, 0.05, and 0.005 µg/ml. The degree of cytotoxicity and viability of cells was assessed by their morphological state, DNA damage, and the dynamics of the number of living cells in culture for 40 days. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 24 hours after exposure to Dox, a dose-dependent statistically significant decrease in cell viability was observed in all the studied samples, with the maximum effect – a decrease in the number of live cells to 50% – observed at a concentration of 0.25 µg/ml, and a decrease to 13% at a concentration of 0.05 µg/ml. The decrease in cell viability persisted in subsequent stages of cultivation, which determined the nature of the monolayer, as well as changes in the morphology of the Sertoli cells. </p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The obtained results refer to a heterogeneous cell culture as the object of research.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. During the experimental work, all the studied concentrations of doxorubicin showed a cytotoxic effect on somatic and spermatogenic cells. The most harmful concentrations of doxorubicin for spermatogenic epithelial cells in vitro were 0.25 and 0.05, which led to the cell death within 24 hours and caused DNA damage after four hours of exposure. The study revealed characteristic features of pathomorphological changes in Sertoli cells. Even at low concentrations, doxorubicin can disrupt the formation of the feeder layer.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Bioethics Commission of the Research Institute of General Prophylaxis and Epidemiology of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia (Minutes No. 2 dated March 28, 2023).The animals were removed from the experiment in accordance with GOST 33215-2014 and in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS N 123), Directive 2010/63/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes.</p></sec><sec><title>Authors’ contribution</title><p>Authors’ contribution: Golubentseva Yu.V. – study concept and design, data collection and processing, statistical analysis, text writing; Popov V.B. – text writing, editing; Radilov A.S. – writing and editing. All co-authors are responsible for approving the final version of the article and ensuring the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 28 апреля 2026 /Revised: 12 мая 2026 / Accepted: / Published: 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доксорубицин</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>клетки сперматогенного эпителия</kwd><kwd>культивирование</kwd><kwd>двунитевые разрывы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>doxorubicin</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>spermatogenic epithelial cells</kwd><kwd>cultivation</kwd><kwd>double-strand breaks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S., Wei B., Wei H., Xu A., Sheng L., Sun X., et al. L-cysteine mitigates busulfan-induced testicular injury through modulation of CBS/H2S axis. Front. Cell Dev. 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