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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36946/0869-7922-2020-2-29-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-275</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пектины в профилактике острых отравлений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pectins in prevention of acute poisoning</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивницкий</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivnitsky</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивницкий Юрий Юрьевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivnitsky Yury Yurievich</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neugierig@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснов Константин Андреевич, кандидат химических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnov Konstantin Andrejevich</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasnov_tox@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнюк</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rejniuk</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рейнюк Владимир Леонидович, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rejniuk Vladimir Leonidovich</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladton@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапина Наталья Вадимовна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией токсикологии</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lapina Natalja Vadimovna</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lapina2005@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелихова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melikhova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мелихова Марина Валентиновна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Melikhova Marina Valentinovna</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melihovamarina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головко Александр Иванович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Golovko Alexandr Ivanovich</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prgolovko@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснова Александра Андреевна, кандидат химических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnova Alexandra Andrejevna</p><p>192019, Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apreski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт токсикологии Федерального медико-биологического  агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Toxicology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Краснов К.А., Рейнюк В.Л., Лапина Н.В., Мелихова М.В., Головко А.И., Краснова А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Краснов К.А., Рейнюк В.Л., Лапина Н.В., Мелихова М.В., Головко А.И., Краснова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivnitsky Y.Y., Krasnov K.A., Rejniuk V.L., Lapina N.V., Melikhova M.V., Golovko A.I., Krasnova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/275">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/275</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора – анализ возможностей использования энтеросорбентов пектиновой природы для профилактики острых отравлений. Низкоэтерифицированные пектины проявляют высокую сорбирующую активность в отношении многозарядных катионов, высокоадгезивны к слизистым оболочкам пищеварительного тракта и способны неспецифически снижать проницаемость энтерогематического барьера. Ожидаемая продолжительность профилактического эффекта пектиновых энтеросорбентов составляет 4-5 ч. после их приёма. В сочетании с хорошей переносимостью и простотой применения это указывает на перспективность низкоэтерифицированных пектинов как средств медикаментозной профилактики острых отравлений при повышенном риске перорального или ингаляционного поступления в организм тяжёлых металлов, ядерных делящихся материалов и продуктов ядерного деления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the review is to analyze the possibilities of using of pectin enterosorbents for the prevention of acute poisoning. Low-esterified pectins exhibit high sorbing activity against multicharged cations, are highly adhesive to the mucous membranes of the digestive tract and are able to reduce non-specifically the permeability of the enterohematic barrier. The expected duration of the preventive effect of pectin enterosorbents is 4-5 hours after their administration. In combination with good tolerability and ease of use, this indicates the prospects of low-esterified pectins as means of drug prevention of acute poisoning in case of increased risk of oral or inhalation intake of heavy metals, nuclear fission materials and nuclear fission products.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острое отравление</kwd><kwd>догоспитальный этап</kwd><kwd>энтеросорбент</kwd><kwd>низкоэстерифицированные пектины</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute poisoning</kwd><kwd>pre-hospital stage</kwd><kwd>enterosorbent</kwd><kwd>low-esterified pectins</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Софронов Г.А, Александров М.В., Головко А.И. и др. Экстремальная токсикология. 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