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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36946/0869-7922-2021-1-43-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-375</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGICAL TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ТОКСИЧЕСКОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ МЕДИ, КАДМИЯ И СВИНЦА НА СВОБОДНОЖИВУЩИХ ПОЧВЕННЫХ НЕМАТОД CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS И CAENORHABDITIS BRIGGSAE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>TOXIC ACTION OF COPPER, CADMIUM AND LEAD ON FREE-LIVING SOIL NEMATODES CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS AND CAENORHABDITIS BRIGGSAE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егорова Анастасия Васильевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной экологии </p><p>420087, г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egorova Anastasia Vasil’evna</p><p> 420087, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorovanastassia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинникова</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinnikova</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинникова Татьяна Борисовна, кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией экспериментальной экологии </p><p>420087, г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalinnikova Tatiana Borisovna</p><p> 420087, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tbkalinnikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шагидуллин</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shagidullin</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шагидуллин Рифгат Роальдович, доктор химических наук, член-корреспондент АН РТ, директор</p><p>420087, г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shagidullin Rifgat Roal’dovich</p><p> 420087, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shagidullin_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем экологии и недропользования Академии наук Республики Татарстан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егорова А.В., Калинникова Т.Б., Шагидуллин Р.Р., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егорова А.В., Калинникова Т.Б., Шагидуллин Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorova A.V., Kalinnikova Т.В., Shagidullin R.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/375">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/375</self-uri><abstract><p>Тяжелые металлы являются одними из самых распространенных загрязнителей окружающей среды. Целью работы явилась проверка гипотезы, предполагающей, что одним из механизмов токсического действия меди, свинца и кадмия на организмы беспозвоночных является адаптив- ная активация холинергической синаптической трансмиссии. В экспериментах с двумя видами сво- бодноживущих почвенных нематод – Caenorhabditis elegans и Caenorhabditis briggsae – показано, что ионы Cu2+, Cd2+ и Pb2+ в концентрации 60 и 120 мкМ усиливали негативное действие агониста никоти- новых рецепторов ацетилхолина левамизола на организм нематод. При совместном действии лева- мизола и тяжелых металлов на организм C. elegans и C. briggsae сокращалось среднее время наступле- ния паралича нематод – полной потери способности к плаванию. Результаты работы показывают, что нематоды C. elegans и C. briggsae могут использоваться в качестве модельных организмов при изучении механизмов токсического действия тяжелых металлов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Heavy metals are one of the most common pollutants in environment. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis assuming that one of mechanisms of toxic action of copper, cadmium and lead on invertebrates’ organisms is adaptive activation of cholinergic synaptic transmission. In experiments with two free-living soil nematodes, namely Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae, it has been shown that Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions at concentrations of 60 and 120 µM enhanced the negative effects of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors agonist levamisole on the nematodes’ organisms. Under combined action of levamisole and heavy metals on organisms of C. elegans and C. briggsae the mean time of nematodes paralysis (complete loss of the ability to swim) was reduced. The results of this work show that nematodes C. elegans and C. briggsae can be used as model organisms to study mechanisms of toxic action of heavy metals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Caenorhabditis elegans</kwd><kwd>Caenorhabditis briggsae</kwd><kwd>никотиновые рецепторы ацетил- холина</kwd><kwd>левамизол</kwd><kwd>токсическое действие меди</kwd><kwd>свинца и кадмия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Caenorhabditis elegans</kwd><kwd>Caenorhabditis briggsae</kwd><kwd>nicotinic acetylcholine receptors</kwd><kwd>levamisole</kwd><kwd>toxic action of copper</kwd><kwd>lead and cadmium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen P., Martinez-Finley E.J., Bomhorst J., Chakraborty S., Aschner M. Metal- induced neurodegeneration in C. elegans. Front. 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