toxreviewТоксикологический вестникToxicological Review0869-79223034-4611Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erismantoxreview-431Research ArticleСтатьиТОКСИКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАДОКСЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАРКОЛОГИИTOXICOLOGICAL PARADOXES IN MODERN NARCOLOGYГоловкоАлександр ИвановичGolovkoAlexander Ivanovich

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБУН «Институт токсикологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства», 192019, г. Санкт-Петербург

e-mail: prgolovko@inbox.ru

prgolovko@inbox.ruСофроновГенрих АлександровичSofronovGenrikh Alexandrovich

Академик РАН, директор ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной медицины» СЗО РАМН, 197376, г. Санкт-Петербург

e-mail: iem@iemrams.ru

iem@iemrams.ruСофроновАлександр ГенриховичSofronovAlexander Genrikhovich

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой психиатрии Санкт-Петербургской медицинской академии последипломного образования, главный нарколог Комитета по здравоохранению Правительства СанктПетербурга, 191015, г. Санкт-Петербург

e-mail: alex-sofronov@yandex.ru

noemail@neicon.ruФГБУН «Институт токсикологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства»Россия«Institute of Toxicology» of federal Medico-biological AgencyRussian FederationФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной медицины» СЗО РАМНРоссия«Institute of Experimental Medicine of the North-west branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences»Russian FederationСанкт-Петербургская медицинская академия последипломного образованияРоссияSt.-Petersburg Medical Academy of Postgraduate EducationRussian Federation2015040820210129Copyright © Головко А.И., Софронов Г.А., Софронов А.Г., 20212021Головко А.И., Софронов Г.А., Софронов А.Г.Golovko A.I., Sofronov G.A., Sofronov A.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/431

Обсуждается необходимость междисциплинарного подхода при рассмотрении проблемы аддиктивных заболеваний химической этиологии. Подчеркивается, что преувеличение роли какого-либо одного научного вектора не может способствовать прогрессу в данной области биологии и медицины. На примере героина и этанола показано, что изучение закономерностей их токсикокинетики и токсикодинамики далеко от завершения. Это затрудняет понимание механизмов формирования опиатной наркомании и алкоголизма. Данная ситуация обозначена как один из парадоксов современной наркологии. Другой парадокс рассматривается применительно к системе «доза-эффект». Показано, что нейрохимический паттерн, сопровождающий экспозиции к психоактивным веществам, может существенно модифицироваться методикой наркотизации (алкоголизации). Подобная неопределенность может потребовать стандартизации некоторых исследований в наркологии.

The need for an interdisciplinary approach to the examination of the chemicals-related addictive disorders problem is discussed. It is emphasized that the exaggeration of the role of any scientific vector cannot contribute to the progress in this area of biology and medicine. It is shown on the example of heroin and ethanol that the study of their toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics is far from being completed. That complicates the understanding of the drug addiction and alcoholism development mechanisms. This situation is denoted as one of the paradoxes in modern narcology. Another paradox is examined in connection with the «dose- effect» relationship.. It is shown that the neurochemical pattern, which accompanies exposures to psycho-active substances, can be substantially modified with the procedure for narcotization (alcoholization). A similar uncertainty can require the standardization of some studies in narcology.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.