toxreviewТоксикологический вестникToxicological Review0869-79223034-4611Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erismantoxreview-456Research ArticleСтатьиОСНОВНЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТОВ «ИН ВИВО» С НЕКОТОРЫМИ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИМИ И МЕТАЛЛО-ОКСИДНЫМИ НАНОЧАСТИЦАМИMAIN RESULTS OF TOXICOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS IN VIVO WITH SOME METAL AND METAL OXIDES NANOPARTICLESКацнельсонБорис АлександровичKatsnelsonBoris Aleksandrovich

Д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заведующий отделом токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: bkaznelson@etel.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruПриваловаЛариса ИвановаPrivalovaLarisa Ivanovna

Д.м.н., профессор, заведующая лабораторией научных основ биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: privalova@ymrc.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruСутунковаМарина ПетровнаSutunkovaMarina Petrovna

К.м.н., заведующая лабораторией токсикологии внешней среды ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: marinasutunkova@yandex.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruГурвичВладимир БорисовичGurvichVladimir Borisovich

Д.м.н., директор ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: gurvich@ymrc.ru

noemail@neicon.ruМинигалиеваИльзира АмировнаMinigalievaIlzira Amirovna

К.б.н., заведующая лабораторией промышленной токсикологии ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: ilzira-minigalieva@yandex.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruЛогиноваНадежда ВладимировнаLoginovaNadezda Vladimirovna

Научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: tushkann@yandex.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruКирееваЕкатерина ПетровнаKireyevaEkaterina Petrovna

К.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦПОЗРПП, 620014, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: katerinakir@yandex.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruШурВладимир ЯковлевичShurVladimir Yakovlevich

Д.ф.-м.н. проф., директор Центра коллективного пользования Института естествознания УрФУ «Современные нанотехнологии», г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: vladimir.shur@usu.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruШишкинаЕкатерина ВладимировнаShishkinaEkaterina Vladimirovna

К.ф.-м.н., старший научный сотрудник Центра коллективного пользования Института Естествознания УрФУ «Современные нанотехнологии», г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: ekaterina.shishkina@labfer.usu.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruБейкинЯков БорисовичBeikinYakov Borisovich

Д.м.н., проф., главный врач МУ «Клинико-диагностический центр», 620142, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: kdc_boss@mail.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruПичуговаСветлана ВладимировнаPichugovaSvetlana Vladimirovna

К.м.н., специалист по электронной микроскопии МУ «Клинико-диагностический центр», 620142, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: ekb-lem@mail.ru

noemail@neicon.ruМакеевОлег ГермановичMakeyevOleg Hermanovich

Д.м.н, проф., зав. лабораторией молекулярной генетики УГМУ, 620028, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: arim@mail.ru

noemail@neicon.ruВаламинаИрина ЕвгеньевнаValaminaIrene Evgenevna

К.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник ЦНИЛ УГМУ, 620028, г. Екатеринбург

e-mail: ivalamina@mail.ru 

noemail@neicon.ruФБУН Екатеринбургский Медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятийРоссияEkaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection of Industrial WorkersRussian FederationИнститут естествознания Уральского Федерального УниверситетаРоссияInstitute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal UniversityRussian FederationГородской клинико-диагностический центрРоссияCity Clinical Diagnostics CentreRussian FederationУральский государственный медицинский университетРоссияUral State Medical UniversityRussian Federation201512082021032639Copyright © Кацнельсон Б.А., Привалова Л.И., Сутункова М.П., Гурвич В.Б., Минигалиева И.А., Логинова Н.В., Киреева Е.П., Шур В.Я., Шишкина Е.В., Бейкин Я.Б., Пичугова С.В., Макеев О.Г., Валамина И.Е., 20212021Кацнельсон Б.А., Привалова Л.И., Сутункова М.П., Гурвич В.Б., Минигалиева И.А., Логинова Н.В., Киреева Е.П., Шур В.Я., Шишкина Е.В., Бейкин Я.Б., Пичугова С.В., Макеев О.Г., Валамина И.Е.Katsnelson B.A., Privalova L.I., Sutunkova M.P., Gurvich V.B., Minigalieva I.A., Loginova N.V., Kireyeva E.P., Shur V.Y., Shishkina E.V., Beikin Y.B., Pichugova S.V., Makeyev O.H., Valamina I.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/456

В статье обобщены основные результаты токсикологических экспериментов на крысах, проведенных авторами путём либо однократной интратрахеальной инстилляции, либо повторных внутрибрюшинных введений наночастиц (НЧ) серебра, золота, оксидов железа, меди, никеля и марганца в стабильных водных суспензиях без каких-либо химических добавок. Найдено, что эти НЧ значительно более токсичны как на клеточном, так и на органо-системном уровне по сравнению со своими микрометровыми и даже субмикронными двойниками. Однако зависимость органо-системной токсичности от размера частиц внутри нанометрового диапазона является неоднозначной, завися от взаимно переплетенных и часто противоположно направленных соотношений между собственно биологической агрессивностью конкретных НЧ, с одной стороны, и сложными механизмами управления их токсикокинетикой, с другой. Наши данные свидетельствуют о высокой активности лёгочного фагоцитоза отложившихся в дыхательных путях НЧ, что указывает на принципиальную возможность безопасных уровней экспозиции к ним. Рассматривается подход к установлению временных нормативов такого воздействия, основанный на 10-15-кратном снижении величин, установленных для соответствующих микрометровых промышленных аэрозолей.

Найдено, что на фоне действия адекватно составленной комбинации некоторых биологически активных агентов (включая пектин, поливитамин-полиминеральные препараты, некоторые аминокислоты и НЭЖК класса омега-3) системная токсичность и генотоксичность металлосодержащих НЧ могут быть заметно ослаблены.

The paper summarizes main results of the authors’ in vivo toxicological experiments on rats exposed to either a single intratracheal instillation or to repeated intraperitoneal injections of nanoparticles (NP) of silver, gold, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and manganese oxide in stable water suspensions without any chemical additives.

It was found out that these NPs were much more noxious on both cellular and organ- systemic levels as compared to their own micrometric or even submicron counterparts. However, the dependence of organ-systemic toxicity on particle sizes within the nanometer range is intricate and non-unique due to complex and often contra-directional relationships between the intrinsic biological aggressiveness of specific nanoparticles, on the one hand, and complex mechanisms governing their toxicokinetics, on the other.

Our data testify to a high activity of the pulmonary phagocytosis of nanoparticles deposited in airways. This fact suggests that safe levels of exposure to airborne nanoparticles are possible in principle. An approach is considered to establish provisional standards for such an exposure based on about 10-15-fold decreased exposure as compared to limits which are officially set for respective micro-scale industrial aerosols.

It was shown that against the background of adequately composed combinations of some bioactive agents (comprising pectin, multivitamin-multimineral preparations, some amino acids, and omega-3 PUFA) , the systemic toxicity and genotoxicity of metallic NPs could be markedly attenuated.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.