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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-580</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Острые отравления у детей: ретроспективный анализ случае</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute poisoning in children: a retrospective analysis of cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2957-680X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарина</surname><given-names>Галина Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalova</surname><given-names>Aelita</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">galinagalina.gala@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-8779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалова</surname><given-names>Аэлита Асхатовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garina</surname><given-names>Galina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">galinagalina.gala@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анатольевна</surname><given-names>Юлия Кадырова</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadyrova</surname><given-names>Yulia Anatolyevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gastro.drkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7761-3046</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низамова</surname><given-names>Раиля Альбертовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizamova</surname><given-names>Raila Albertovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gastro.drkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-541X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайнетдинова</surname><given-names>Мадина Шигаповна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zainetdinova</surname><given-names>Madina Shigapova</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gastro.drkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0803-7249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Квитко</surname><given-names>Эльмира Маратовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvitko</surname><given-names>Elmira</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gastro.drkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ Казанский Государственный Медицинский Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University&#13;
Children's Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России Адрес: 420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, тел.: +7 (843) 237-30-37.&#13;
ДРКБ, ГАУЗ Детская республиканская клиническая больница МЗ РТ (г. Казань), тел: +79172497354</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ДРКБ, ГАУЗ Детская республиканская клиническая больница МЗ РТ (г. Казань), тел: +79172497354</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children's Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>580</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гарина Г.А., Камалова А.А., Анатольевна Ю.К., Низамова Р.А., Зайнетдинова М.Ш., Квитко Э.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гарина Г.А., Камалова А.А., Анатольевна Ю.К., Низамова Р.А., Зайнетдинова М.Ш., Квитко Э.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamalova A., Garina G., Kadyrova Y.A., Nizamova R.A., Zainetdinova M.S., Kvitko E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/580">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/580</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Острое воздействие химических веществ - наиболее частая причина отравлений в педиатрической практике и одна из ведущих причин заболеваемости и смертности во всем мире [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. В доступной отечественной литературе мы не встретили публикаций, касающихся современных данных об этиологической структуре, клинических характеристиках пациентов и исходах острых отравлений у детей. Знание клинических проявлений и прогноза при разных отравлениях у детей поможет врачам амбулаторного звена и приемного отделения стационаров оперативно определить тактику ведения пациента и не допустить серьезных последствий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В данном ретроспективном исследовании были изучены истории болезни 300 детей в возрасте от 0 до 18 лет, поступивших в приемное отделение стационара третьего уровня – ГАУЗ Детская республиканская клиническая больница Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан с острым отравлением за период с 2018 -2020 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследование вошли 176 мальчиков (58,6%) и 124 девочки (41,4%). Отравления встречались наиболее часто в возрастные периоды от 1 года до 3-х лет – 127 (42,3%) и от 12-ти до 18 лет - 76 (25,3%). 67% отравлений были непреднамеренными, а в 33 % случаев - преднамеренными. Наибольшее количество отравлений – 248 (82.7%) случались дома, а 52 (17.3%) отравились вне дома. Из 300 случаев отравлений 70 (23,3%) были легкой степени тяжести, 151 (50,3%) средней степени тяжести, 79 (26,3%) – тяжелой степени. Наиболее часто встречающимися отравляющими веществами были: химические детергенты, угарный газ, сосудосуживающие препараты, нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты. Все 300 пациентов выжили.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. За последние 2 года наблюдается рост частоты отравлений в городе Казань. У большинства пациентов отмечались отравления легкой и средней степени тяжести, чаще непреднамеренные. Тяжелое состояние наблюдалось у подростков, когда причиной отравления являлась попытка суицида. Рост числа отравлений можно связать с безрецептурной продажей большого количества лекарственных препаратов, их агрессивная реклама, а также ненадлежащее хранение в домашних условиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Acute exposure to chemicals is the most common cause of poisoning in pediatric practice and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. In the available domestic literature, we have not found publications concerning up-to-date data on the etiological structure, clinical characteristics of patients and outcomes of acute poisoning in children. Knowledge of clinical manifestations and prognosis for various poisoning in children will help doctors of the outpatient level and the reception department of hospitals to quickly determine the tactics of patient management and prevent serious consequences.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In this retrospective study, the case histories of 300 children aged 0 to 18 years who were admitted to the emergency department of the third–level hospital - the Children's Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan with acute poisoning for the period from 2018 to 2020 were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study included 176 boys (58.6%) and 124 girls (41.4%). Poisoning was most common in the age periods from 1 to 3 years - 127 (42.3%) and from 12 to 18 years - 76 (25.3%). 67% of poisoning were unintentional, and in 33% of cases - intentional. The largest number of poisonings – 248 (82.7%) occurred at home, and 52 (17.3%) were poisoned outside the home. Of the 300 cases of poisoning, 70 (23.3%) were of mild severity, 151 (50.3%) of moderate severity, 79 (26.3%) of severe severity. The most common toxic substances were: chemical detergents, carbon monoxide, vasoconstrictor drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. All 300 patients survived.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Over the past 2 years, there has been an increase in the frequency of poisoning in the city of Kazan. Most patients had mild to moderate poisoning, more often unintentional. A serious condition was observed in adolescents when the cause of poisoning was a suicide attempt. The increase in the number of poisonings can be associated with the over-the-counter sale of a large number of drugs, their aggressive advertising, as well as improper storage at home.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острое отравление</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute poisoning</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kyu H. H., Stein C. E., Boschi Pinto C., Rakovac I., Weber M. W., Dannemann Purnat T., Amuah J. E., Glenn S. 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