toxreviewТоксикологический вестникToxicological Review0869-79223034-4611Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0869-7922-2023-31-4-232-236toxreview-729Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESРазвитие доимплантационных зародышей мышей в условиях воздействия сублетальных доз хлорида кадмия на материнский организмThe development of pre-implantation mouse embryos under the influence of sublethal doses of cadmium chloride on the maternal organismhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-6920НониашвилиЕкатерина МихайловнаNoniashviliEkaterina Mikhailovna

Кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной цитогенетики развития млекопитающих отдела молекулярной генетики ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины», Санкт-Петербург, 197022, Российская Федерация.

e-mail: katinka.04@list.ru

For correspondence: Ekaterina M. Noniashvili, PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular cytogenetics of mammalian development, Department of Molecular genetics, FSBSI «Institute of Experimental Medicine», 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.

e-mail: katinka.04@list.ru

Scopus Author ID: 6602403829; Researcher ID: E-4173-2014; 
e-Library SPIN: 1799-7736 

katinka.04@list.ruФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»РоссияFSBSI «Institute of Experimental Medicine»Russian Federation202306092023314232236Copyright © Нониашвили Е.М., 20232023Нониашвили Е.М.Noniashvili E.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/729Введение

Введение. Кадмий — тяжёлый металл, широко распространённый в окружающей среде, попадая в организм человека приводит к развитию различных заболеваний.

Цель работы — исследование влияния сублетальных доз хлорида кадмия на доимплантационное развитие мышиных эмбрионов in vivo.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Самкам мышей в течение первых трёх дней беременности вводили по 10 μМ хлорида кадмия (CdCl2). На четвёртый день эксперимента зародышей извлекали из утробы матери и оценивали развитие по количеству морул и бластоцист в каждой группе и среднему количеству бластомеров в контрольных и экспонированных зародышах.

Результаты

Результаты. Зародыши, подвергавшиеся воздействию CdCl2 в утробе матери, быстрее проходили начальные стадии дробления и формирования бластоцисты по сравнению с контрольными зародышами. На стадии бластоцисты темп дробления экспонированных и контрольных зародышей статистически не отличался.

Ограничения исследования

Ограничения исследования. Оценка влияния токсиканта проведена только на доимплантационных зародышах мышей при интраперитониальном введении препарата матерям и в одной дозе. Исследования зародышей мышей на постимплантационном сроке развития позволили бы детальнее раскрыть действие препарата на эмбриогенез.

Заключение

Заключение. Инъекции сублетальных доз CdCl2 самкам мышей в дебюте беременности ускоряют развитие зародышей до стадии бластоцисты.

Соблюдение этических стандартов. Проведенные исследования соответствовали требованиям Этического комитета по использованию лабораторных животных, принятым Локальным этическим комитетом ФГБНУ «ИЭМ», выписка из протокола № 2/21 от 27.05.2021.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила в редакцию

Поступила в редакцию: 24 апреля 2023 / Принята к печати:  29 июля 2023 / Опубликована: 30 августа 2023

Introduction

Introduction. Cadmium (CD) is a heavy metal widely distributed in the environment, when it enters the human body, it leads to the development of various diseases.

The aim of this work was to study the effect of sublethal doses of cadmium chloride on the preimplantation development of mouse embryos in vivo.

Material and methods

Material and methods. During the first three days of pregnancy, female mice were injected with 10 μM cadmium chloride (CdCl2). On the fourth day of the experiment, the embryos were explanted from the uterus and assessed development by the number of morules and blastocysts in each group and the number of blastomeres in the control and exposed embryos.

Results

Results. Embryos exposed to cadmium chloride in utero passed the initial stages of cleavage and blastocyst formation faster than the control embryos. At the blastocyst stage, the rate of cleavage of exposed and control embryos statistically did not differ.

Limitations

Limitations. The influence of the toxicant was assessed only on preimplantation mice embryos with intraperitoneal administration of the drug to mothers and in a single dose. Studies of mouse embryos at the postimplantation period of development would reveal in more detail the effect of the drug on embryogenesis.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Injections of sublethal doses of cadmium chloride to female mice at the debut of pregnancy force the development of embryos to the blastocyst stage.

Compliance with ethical standards. The conducted studies met the requirements of the Ethical Committee for the Use of Laboratory Animals, adopted by the Local Ethical Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “IEM”, protocol No. 2/21 dated May 27, 2021.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Funding

Funding. The study was not sponsored.

Received

Received: April 24, 2023 / Accepted: July 29, 2023 / Published: August 30, 2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.