toxreviewТоксикологический вестникToxicological Review0869-79223034-4611Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.36946/0869-7922-2017-3-17-26toxreview-73Research ArticleСтатьиНЕКОТОРЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕАКЦИИ ОРГАНИЗМА НА ХРОНИЧЕСКУЮ ИНГАЛЯЦИЮ SIO2 – СОДЕРЖАЩИХ СУБМИКРОННЫХ (ПРИЕМУЩЕСТВЕННО НАНОРАЗМЕРНЫХ) ЧАСТИЦ РЕАЛЬНОГО ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО АЭРОЗОЛЯSOME PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANISM’S RESPONSES TO A LONG-TERM INHALATION OF SILICA-CONTAINING SUBMICRON (PREDOMINANTLY, NANOSCALE) PARTICLES IN A REAL INDUSTRIAL AEROSOLСутунковаМ. П.SutunkovaM. P.noemail@neicon.ruСоловьёваС. Н.SolovyevaS. N.noemail@neicon.ruКацнельсонБ. А.KatsnelsonB. A.noemail@neicon.ruГурвичB. Б.GurvichV. B.noemail@neicon.ruПриваловаЛ. И.PrivalovaL. I.noemail@neicon.ruМинигалиеваИ. А.MinigalievaI. A.noemail@neicon.ruСлышкинаТ. В.SlyshkinaT. V.noemail@neicon.ruВаламинаИ. Е.ValaminaI. E.noemail@neicon.ruШурВ. Я.ShurV. Ya.noemail@neicon.ruЗубаревИ. В.ZubarevI. V.noemail@neicon.ruКузнецовД. К.KuznetsovD. K.noemail@neicon.ruФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский - научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» РоспотребнадзораРоссияMedical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers of RospotrebnadzorRussian FederationЦентральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория Уральского государственного медицинского университетаРоссияCentral Research Laboratory, Ural State Medical UniversityRussian FederationУральский центр коллективного пользования «Современные нанотехнологии», ФГАОУ ВПО «УрФУ имени первого Президента России Б.Н.Ельцина»РоссияUral Center for Shared Use «Modern nanotechnologies», Ural Federal UniversityRussian Federation201728062017031726Copyright © Сутункова М.П., Соловьёва С.Н., Кацнельсон Б.А., Гурвич B.Б., Привалова Л.И., Минигалиева И.А., Слышкина Т.В., Валамина И.Е., Шур В.Я., Зубарев И.В., Кузнецов Д.К., 20172017Сутункова М.П., Соловьёва С.Н., Кацнельсон Б.А., Гурвич B.Б., Привалова Л.И., Минигалиева И.А., Слышкина Т.В., Валамина И.Е., Шур В.Я., Зубарев И.В., Кузнецов Д.К.Sutunkova M.P., Solovyeva S.N., Katsnelson B.A., Gurvich V.B., Privalova L.I., Minigalieva I.A., Slyshkina T.V., Valamina I.E., Shur V.Y., Zubarev I.V., Kuznetsov D.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/73

Крысы-самки были подвергнуты в установке типа «только нос» продолжавшемуся 3 или 6 мес ингаляционному воздействию аэрозоля, преобладающую часть которого составляют субмикронные (включая наноразмерные) частицы аморфного диоксида кремния, в суммарной концентрации 2,6±0,6 или 10,6±2,1 мг/м3. Во вспомогательном эксперименте с однократным интратрахеальным введением этих частиц было показано, что они вызывают клеточную реакцию лёгких, сопоставимую с таковой на введение высоко цитотоксичной и высоко фиброгенной стандартной кварцевой пыли DQ12. Однако в условиях хронического ингаляционного эксперимента изучаемый аэрозоль оказался обладающим очень низким общетоксическим и фиброгенным действием. Этот парадокс может быть объяснён низкой задержкой SiO2 в лёгких и других органах из-за относительно высокой растворимости данных наночастиц «ин виво». Тем не менее, их генотоксическое действие и трансназальное проникновение в головной мозг побуждают к осторожности общей оценки этого аэрозоля в качестве фактора профессионального или экологического риска.

Female white rats were exposed in a «nose only» inhalation device to an aerosol containing predominantly submicron (nanoscale included) particles of amorphous silica in a total concentration of 2.6±0.6 or 10.6±2.1 mg/m3, 4 h/day, 5 times a week, during up to 6 months. In an auxiliary experiment with a single-shot intratracheal instillation of these particles, it was shown that they induced a pulmonary cell response comparable with that when administrated a highly cytotoxic and fibrogenic standard quartz dust DQ12. However in a long-term inhalation test, the aerosol investigated proved to be of a very low systemic toxicity and fibrogenicity. This paradox may be explained by a low retention of SiO2 in lungs and other organs due to a relatively high in vivo solubility of those nanoparticles. Nevertheless their genotoxic action and transnasal penetration into the brain urge caution when assessing occupational or environmental hazard of that aerosol.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.