<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36946/0869-7922-2016-1-36-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ДАННЫХ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТОВ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ПРИРОДНЫХ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ МЕЛКИХ МЛЕКОПИТАЮЩИХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE USE OF EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGICAL DATA FOR EVALUATION OF THE STATE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF SMALL MAMMALS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безель</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Besel</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухачева</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhacheva</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Институт экологии растений и животных УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Безель В.С., Мухачева С.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Безель В.С., Мухачева С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Besel V.S., Mukhacheva S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/8">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/8</self-uri><abstract><p>На основе исследований репродуктивных параметров мелких млекопитающих из природных популяций (на примере рыжей полевки), обитающих в зоне действия крупного предприятия цветной металлургии, и сопоставления полученных данных с результатами токсикологических экспериментов (хроническая затравка самок крыс Cd), сделана попытка оценить величину прямых эффектов токсического действия Сd. Ожидалось, что при существующих уровнях загрязнения, эмбриональные потери, вызванные прямым токсическим действием Cd, не должны превышать 7 %, однако, фактические потери существенно превышали результаты экстраполяции. Наблюдаемые различия обусловлены действием на репродукцию животных из природных популяций внешних и внутренних факторов, влияющих на реализацию репродуктивного потенциала.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An attempt was made to estimate the dimension of direct toxic effects of exposure to Cd on the basis of researches on reproductive parameters in small mammals in natural populations ( on the example of red-backed vole) inhabiting localities of large-scale non-ferrous metal plants and comparison of results obtained with outcome of toxicological experiments ( chronic exposure of female rats to Cd) ). It was expected that at the existing pollution levels, embryonic losses caused by direct toxic effect of Cd shouldn’t exceed 7%; however actual losses significantly exceeded extrapolation results. Distinctions observed are caused by impact of external and internal factors influencing reproductive potential on fulfillment of reproduction of animals in natural populations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>загрязнение среды</kwd><kwd>кадмий</kwd><kwd>природные популяции</kwd><kwd>рыжая полевка</kwd><kwd>эмбриональные потери</kwd><kwd>токсикологический эксперимент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pollution of the environment</kwd><kwd>cadmium</kwd><kwd>natural populations</kwd><kwd>red –backed vole</kwd><kwd>embryonic losses</kwd><kwd>toxicological experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Talmage S.S., Walton B.T. Small mammals as monitors of environmental сontaminants. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1991; 119: 47-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talmage S.S., Walton B.T. Small mammals as monitors of environmental сontaminants. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1991; 119: 47-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sawicka-Kapusta K., &amp;#346;wiergosz R., Zakarzewska M. Bank voles as monitors of environmental contamination by heavy metals. A remote wilderness area in Poland imperiled. Environ. Pollut. 1990; 67: 315-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sawicka-Kapusta K., &amp;#346;wiergosz R., Zakarzewska M. Bank voles as monitors of environmental contamination by heavy metals. A remote wilderness area in Poland imperiled. Environ. Pollut. 1990; 67: 315-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bezel V.S., Koutchenogii К.P., Mukhacheva S.V., Savchenko T.I, Chankina O.V. Using of synchrotron radiation for study of multielemental composition of the small mammal diet and tissues. Nucl. Instr. &amp; Meth. in Physics Res. 2007; 575: 218-220.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bezel V.S., Koutchenogii К.P., Mukhacheva S.V., Savchenko T.I, Chankina O.V. Using of synchrotron radiation for study of multielemental composition of the small mammal diet and tissues. Nucl. Instr. &amp; Meth. in Physics Res. 2007; 575: 218-220.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milton A., Cooke J.A. &amp; Johnson M.S.: Accumulation of lead, zinc, and cadmium in a wild population of Clethrionomys glareolus from an abandoned lead mine. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2003; 44: 405-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milton A., Cooke J.A. &amp; Johnson M.S.: Accumulation of lead, zinc, and cadmium in a wild population of Clethrionomys glareolus from an abandoned lead mine. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2003; 44: 405-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S&amp;#225;nchez-Chardi A., L&amp;#243;pes-Fuster M.J., Nadal J. Bioaccumulation of lead, mercury and cadmium in the greater white-footed shrew, Crocidura russula, from the Ebro Delta (NE Spain): sex- and age-depend variation. Environ. Pollut. 2007; 145: 7-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S&amp;#225;nchez-Chardi A., L&amp;#243;pes-Fuster M.J., Nadal J. Bioaccumulation of lead, mercury and cadmium in the greater white-footed shrew, Crocidura russula, from the Ebro Delta (NE Spain): sex- and age-depend variation. Environ. Pollut. 2007; 145: 7-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безель В.С. Экологическая токсикология: популяционный и биоценотический аспекты. Екатеринбург: Екатеринбург: Гощицкий; 20(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Безель В.С. Экологическая токсикология: популяционный и биоценотический аспекты. Екатеринбург: Екатеринбург: Гощицкий; 20(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдова Ю.А., Мухачева С.В. Промышленное загрязнение не увеличивает частоту нефропатологий у рыжей полевки. Экология. 2014; 4: 278-2(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Давыдова Ю.А., Мухачева С.В. Промышленное загрязнение не увеличивает частоту нефропатологий у рыжей полевки. Экология. 2014; 4: 278-2(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухачева С.В. Воспроизводство населения рыжей полевки в градиенте техногенного загрязнения среды. Зоол. журн. 2001; 80 (12): 1509-15(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мухачева С.В. Воспроизводство населения рыжей полевки в градиенте техногенного загрязнения среды. Зоол. журн. 2001; 80 (12): 1509-15(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Damek-Poprava M., Sawicka-Kapusta K. Histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and testes of bank voles environmentally exposed to heavy metal emissions from the steelworks and zinc smelter in Poland. Environ. Res. 2004; 96: 72-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Damek-Poprava M., Sawicka-Kapusta K. Histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and testes of bank voles environmentally exposed to heavy metal emissions from the steelworks and zinc smelter in Poland. Environ. Res. 2004; 96: 72-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zakrzewska M. Effect of lead on postnatal development of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). Arch. Envoron. Contam. Toxicol. 1988; 17: 365-371.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakrzewska M. Effect of lead on postnatal development of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). Arch. Envoron. Contam. Toxicol. 1988; 17: 365-371.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тупикова Н.В. Методы изучения природных очагов болезней человека. М.: Медицина; 19(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тупикова Н.В. Методы изучения природных очагов болезней человека. М.: Медицина; 19(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов Г.В., Михайлин А.П. Особенности питания и динамики численности рыжей полевки в условиях широколиственного леса. М.: Наука; 19(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кузнецов Г.В., Михайлин А.П. Особенности питания и динамики численности рыжей полевки в условиях широколиственного леса. М.: Наука; 19(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scharpf L.G., Hill I.D., Wright P.L., Plank J.B., Keplinger M.L., Calandra J.C. Effect of sodium nitrilotriacetate on toxicity, teratogenicity, and tissue distribution of cadmium. Nature. 1972; 239: 231-234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scharpf L.G., Hill I.D., Wright P.L., Plank J.B., Keplinger M.L., Calandra J.C. Effect of sodium nitrilotriacetate on toxicity, teratogenicity, and tissue distribution of cadmium. Nature. 1972; 239: 231-234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sutou S., Yamamoto K., Sendota H., Tomomatsu K., Shimizu Y., Sugiyama M. Toxicity, fertility, teratogenicity, and dominant lethal tests in rats administered cadmium subchronically. J. Toxicity studies. Ecotox. Environ. Safety.1980; 4: 39-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sutou S., Yamamoto K., Sendota H., Tomomatsu K., Shimizu Y., Sugiyama M. Toxicity, fertility, teratogenicity, and dominant lethal tests in rats administered cadmium subchronically. J. Toxicity studies. Ecotox. Environ. Safety.1980; 4: 39-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baranski B., Stetkiewicz I., Sitarek K., Szymczak W. Effects of oral, subchronic cadmium administration on fertility, prenatal and postnatal progeny development in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 1983; 54 (4): 297-302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranski B., Stetkiewicz I., Sitarek K., Szymczak W. Effects of oral, subchronic cadmium administration on fertility, prenatal and postnatal progeny development in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 1983; 54 (4): 297-302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baranski B. Effect of exposure of pregnant rats to cadmium on prenatal and postnatal development of the young. J. Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. Immunol. 1985; 29(3): 253-262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranski B. Effect of exposure of pregnant rats to cadmium on prenatal and postnatal development of the young. J. Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. Immunol. 1985; 29(3): 253-262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simmons D.L., Valentine D.M., Bradshaw W.S. Different patterns of developmental toxicity in the rat following prenatal administration of structurally diverse chemicals. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1984; 14: 121-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simmons D.L., Valentine D.M., Bradshaw W.S. Different patterns of developmental toxicity in the rat following prenatal administration of structurally diverse chemicals. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1984; 14: 121-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвинов Н.Н., Казачков В.И., Астахова Л.Ф. К вопросу о дозоэффективной зависимости эмбриотоксического действия хлористого кадмия. Гигиена и санитария. 1988; 2: 86-(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Литвинов Н.Н., Казачков В.И., Астахова Л.Ф. К вопросу о дозоэффективной зависимости эмбриотоксического действия хлористого кадмия. Гигиена и санитария. 1988; 2: 86-(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казачков В.И., Гасимова З.М., Астахова Л.Ф. Модифицирующее действие свинца на эмбриотоксичность кадмия. Гигиена и санитария.1992; 2: 60-(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Казачков В.И., Гасимова З.М., Астахова Л.Ф. Модифицирующее действие свинца на эмбриотоксичность кадмия. Гигиена и санитария.1992; 2: 60-(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paksy K., Varga B., L&amp;#225;z&amp;#225;r P. Effect of cadmium on female fertility, pregnancy and postnatal development in the rat. Acta Physiol. Hung.1996; 84 (2): 119- 130.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paksy K., Varga B., L&amp;#225;z&amp;#225;r P. Effect of cadmium on female fertility, pregnancy and postnatal development in the rat. Acta Physiol. Hung.1996; 84 (2): 119- 130.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саломеина Н.В., Машак С.В. Структурные основы материнско-плодовых отношений при химическом воздействии в эмбриогенезе. Медицина и образование в Сибири. 2012; avaible at: http://ngmu.ru/cozo/mos/article/ abauthors.php?id=580</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Саломеина Н.В., Машак С.В. Структурные основы материнско-плодовых отношений при химическом воздействии в эмбриогенезе. Медицина и образование в Сибири. 2012; avaible at: http://ngmu.ru/cozo/mos/article/ abauthors.php?id=580</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rus M., Checui M. Teratogenic and embryo toxic effects induced by heavy metals in mice: thequest for a recent and more precise classification of fetal skeletal anomalies in mouse strains. Roman. Biotechn. Lett. 2014; 19 (3): 9330-9338.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rus M., Checui M. Teratogenic and embryo toxic effects induced by heavy metals in mice: thequest for a recent and more precise classification of fetal skeletal anomalies in mouse strains. Roman. Biotechn. Lett. 2014; 19 (3): 9330-9338.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухачева С.В., Безель В.С. Тяжелые металлы в системе мать–плацента–плод у рыжей полевки в условиях загрязнения среды выбросами медеплавильного комбината. Экология. 2015; 6: 444-4(in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мухачева С.В., Безель В.С. Тяжелые металлы в системе мать–плацента–плод у рыжей полевки в условиях загрязнения среды выбросами медеплавильного комбината. Экология. 2015; 6: 444-4(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
