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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">toxreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Токсикологический вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxicological Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7922</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4611</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0869-7922-2024-32-5-292-300</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">keubst</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">toxreview-905</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние одориметрических характеристик пищевых ароматизаторов на показатели физиологического состояния человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of food flavors’ odorimetric characteristics on the indicators of human physiological state</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4319-7192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бударина</surname><given-names>Ольга Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Budarina</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник отдела анализа риска здоровью населения ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Российская Федерация</p><p>e-mail: budarina.ov@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Public Health Risk Analysis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 141014, Mytishchi, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: budarina.ov@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">budarina.ov@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6374-9292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сковронская</surname><given-names>Светлана Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skovronskaya</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела анализа риска здоровью населения ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Российская Федерация</p><p>e-mail: sko_sveta@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Department of Public Health Risk Analysis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 141014, Mytishchi, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sko_sveta@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sko_sveta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-5381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вальцева</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valtseva</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, главный специалист отдела координации и анализа НИР ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Российская Федерация</p><p>e-mail: altay21c@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Chief Specialist of the Department of Coordination and Analysis of the Research Institute of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 141014, Mytishchi, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: altay21c@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">altay21c@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6693-922X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Додина</surname><given-names>Наталья Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dodina</surname><given-names>Natalia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат мед. наук, руководитель отдела анализа риска здоровью населения ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Российская Федерация</p><p>e-mail: dodina.ns@fncg.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Risk Analysis for Public Health of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 141014, Mytishchi, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: dodina.ns@fncg.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dodina.ns@fncg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека,</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman» of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>292</fpage><lpage>300</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бударина О.В., Сковронская С.А., Вальцева Е.А., Додина Н.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бударина О.В., Сковронская С.А., Вальцева Е.А., Додина Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Budarina O.V., Skovronskaya S.A., Valtseva E.A., Dodina N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/905">https://www.toxreview.ru/jour/article/view/905</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье проведен анализ воздействия запахов различного характера и силы в экспериментальных условиях на показатели сердечно-сосудистой системы и функциональное состояние человека для актуализации объективных и информативных методов оценки ранних изменений в организме, обусловленных неблагоприятным влиянием пахучих веществ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Заданные концентрации пищевых ароматизаторов (апельсинового, коньячного и кофейного) подавались участникам исследований с помощью ольфактометра ECOMA T08. Состав аэрозолей контролировали методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии. Физиологические показатели волонтеров оценивались путём измерения артериального давления (АД), частоты сердечных сокращений (ЧСС) и расчётом индекса функциональных изменений (ИФИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В эксперименте с запахом, характеризуемом как «приятный», у участников исследования обнаружено статистически значимое снижение ЧСС и диастолического АД при воздействии максимально ощутимых концентраций летучих веществ ароматизатора по отношению к исходному состоянию: p1–3 = 0,001 и p1–3 = 0,003 соответственно. При этом достоверное снижение ИФИ определилось уже при пороговых концентрациях ароматизатора (p &lt; 0,01), указывая на благоприятное действие запаха и повышение уровня адаптационных возможностей организма. По результатам исследования запаха, идентифицированного как неприятный, выявлено достоверное снижение систолического АД (p1–2 = 0,011), но только при воздействии пороговой концентрации, когда запах ещё не приобрёл навязчивого, раздражающего характера.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Отсутствие стандартизированных методов воздействия, влияние индивидуальных пристрастий и прошлого опыта на вызванные запахом эффекты.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Показатели функционального состояния сердечно-сосудистой системы могут быть использованы в качестве одних из критериев оценки рефлекторного ответа организма на воздействие загрязнения окружающей среды в районах размещения предприятий — источников запаха, в том числе пищевых производств. Особенную актуальность вопрос о проведении такой оценки приобретает для выбросов, обладающих преимущественно «приятным» запахом, поскольку зачастую ставится под сомнение их способность вызывать раздражение, а, следовательно, и оказывать негативное влияние на здоровье и качество жизни населения.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. На проведение исследований было получено согласие локального этического комитета ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России (протокол № 3 от 17.08.2020 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Бударина О.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование;Сковронская С.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование; Вальцева Е.А. — обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование; Додина Н.С. — сбор и обработка материала, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Благодарность</title><p>Благодарность. Авторы выражают благодарность доктору биологических наук, ведущему научному сотруднику ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России Фаине Исааковне Ингель за помощь в организации проведения исследований изменений самочувствия, активности и настроения участников в ходе эксперимента (по тестовой карте САН).</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила в редакцию</title><p>Поступила в редакцию: 30 августа 2024 / Принята в печать: 20 сентября 2024 / Опубликована: 30 октября 2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effects of odours of various nature and strength in experimental conditions on the parameters of the cardiovascular system and the person’s functional state in order to update objective and informative methods for assessing early changes in the body due to the adverse effects of odorous substances.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The specified concentrations of food flavors (orange, cognac and coffee) were supplied to the participants of the study using an ECOMA T08 olfactometer. The composition of the aerosols was controlled by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The physiological parameters of the volunteers were assessed by measuring blood pressure, heart rate and calculating the index of functional changes (IFC).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In an experiment with an odour characterized as “pleasant”, the study participants found a statistically significant decrease in heart rate and diastolic blood pressure when exposed to the maximum noticeable concentrations of volatile substances of the flavor relative to the initial state: p1-3=0,001 and p1-3=0,003, respectively. At the same time, a significant decrease in IFC was determined already at the threshold concentrations of the flavor (p&lt;0,01), indicating a favorable effect of the odour and increasing the level of adaptive capabilities of the body. According to the results of the odour identified as “unpleasant”, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (p1-2=0,011) was revealed, but only when exposed to a threshold concentration, when the odour has not yet acquired an “intrusive”, “annoying” character.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The lack of standardized methods of exposure, the influence of individual preferences and past experience on odour-induced effects.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular system can be used as one of the criteria for evaluating the body’s reflex response to environmental pollution in areas where odour-producing enterprises, including food production, are located. The issue of conducting such an assessment is particularly relevant for emissions with a predominantly “pleasant” odour, since their ability to cause annoyance and, consequently, to have a negative impact on the health and quality of life of the population is often questioned.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The consent of the local ethics committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “CSP” of the FMBA of Russia was obtained for conducting research (Protocol No. 3 dated 08/17/2020).</p><p>Contribution of the authors: Budarina O.V. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text, editing; Skovronskaya S.A. — concept and design of research, collection and processing of material, writing text, editing; Valtseva E.A. — material processing, text writing, editing; Dodina N.S. — collection and processing of material, editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgments</title><p>Acknowledgments. The authors express their gratitude to Faina Ingel, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “SPC” of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, for her help in organizing studies of changes in the well-being, activity and mood of participants during the experiment (according to the SAN test card).</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Financing</title><p>Financing. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Accepted</title><p>Accepted: August 30, 2024 / Received: September 20, 2024 / Published: October 30, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>запах</kwd><kwd>пищевые ароматизаторы</kwd><kwd>ольфакто-одориметрия</kwd><kwd>частота сердечных сокращений</kwd><kwd>артериальное давление</kwd><kwd>индекс функциональных изменений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>odour</kwd><kwd>food flavors</kwd><kwd>olfacto-odorimetry</kwd><kwd>heart rate</kwd><kwd>blood pressure</kwd><kwd>index of functional changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова С.В., Мешков Н.А., Вальцева Е.А., Сковронская С.А. Морфофункциональные показатели и адаптационные возможности у детей, проживающих на разном расстоянии от источника запаха. 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