Changes in the morphofunctional state of the liver under the influence of acrylamide and upon correction with complex compounds of oxymethyluracil in dynamics

Introduction. Acrylamide is widely used in various industries and is recognized as a toxic compound. Considering the potential risks of its entry into the human body, further research is required to understand the mechanisms of its toxicity and to develop effective approaches for correcting pathological conditions caused by its exposure.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in the morphofunctional state of the liver under the influence of acrylamide and correction with oxymethyluracil complexes in dynamics, based on biochemical, genetic and morphological parameters.

Material and methods. The experimental study was conducted on outbred male rats, which were administered acrylamide intragastrically at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight over three months. Preventive correction was performed using oxymethyluracil complexes. Biochemical, genetic, and morphological studies were performed.

Results. The studies revealed that after 1.5 and 3 months, the activity of hepatic enzymes significantly increased, and minor changes were observed in the liver parenchyma. The expression of glutathione system genes decreased mid-experiment and increased by the end. Oxymethyluracil complexes demonstrated a certain hepatoprotective effect.

Limitations. For a deeper study of this problem, it is necessary to consider the effect of different dosages of the hepatotoxicant and the protective effectiveness of compounds in other modes of exposure to the body.

Conclusion. Long-term exposure to acrylamide at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight had a hepatotoxic effect, manifested by increased activity of cytolysis marker enzymes, bidirectional changes in the expression of genes involved in detoxification processes depending on exposure duration, and, to a lesser extent, histological changes in organ structure. Complex compounds of oxymethyluracil exhibited hepatoprotective effects, with their corrective efficiency ranked as follows: MG-10 > MG-2 > MG-1.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology (Protocol No. 01-10 dated 09.10.2024).

Authors’ contribution:
Khusnutdinova N.Yu. – conducting research, collecting and processing material, writing text;
Ryabova Yu.V. – material processing, text writing; editing;
Yakupova T.G. – conducting research, data collection and processing, statistical analysis;
Karimov D.O. – research concept and design, editing;
Smolyankin D.A., Akhmadeev A.R., Khmel A.O. – data collection and processing, statistical analysis;
Repina E.F. – data collection and processing, editing.
All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgments. The authors express their gratitude to Alfiya Raisovna Gimadieva A.R., Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Pharmacophore Cyclic Systems of the Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for the development and synthesis of oxymethyluracil complexes.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no apparent and potential conflicts of interest in relation to the publication of this article.

Funding. The work was carried out as part of the state assignment for the industry research program of Rospotrebnadzor “Scientific substantiation of the national system for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare, managing health risks and improving the quality of life of the population of Russia” for 2021-2025, (clause 6.1.8), state registration number 121062100058-8. The synthesis of complex compounds of oxymethyluracil was carried out in accordance with the research plan of the Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (State Registration Number AAAA-A19-119011790021-4).

Received: May 24, 2025 / Revised: June 22, 2025 / Accepted: November 25, 2025 / Published: January 15, 202

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